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Gem Talk - Specific Gravity Specific Gravity (SG) is one of the several, key parameters used in qualitative analysis of the gemstones. Specific Gravity is the ratio of the density of the gemstone to the density of water at 4°C. It is a pure number, without dimensions or units. The density of water, at this temperature is 1.00g/cm3, therefore the specific gravity of any substance will be precisely equal numerically to its density. Each gemstone has its’ own inherent crystalline structure and chemical composition. Depending on the type of chelating ion present, it will determine the physical characteristics of the gemstone. Characteristics such as colour, type of gemstone, internal crystalline structure, density, among others are directly related. Density of a gemstone, simply put, is a number measuring its mass per unit volume. A gemstone with low density, such as Emerald (SG 2.67-2.78), will be much larger physically than Ruby (SG 3.97-4.05) at the same carat weight. Here are some Specific Gravities of the selected gemstones: Gemstone/Specific Gravity Spessartite Garnet 4.12 - 4.18 Ruby 3.97 - 4.05 Sapphire 3.95 - 4.03 Zircon 3.93 - 4.73 Almandine Garnet 3.93 - 4.30 Rhodolite Garnet 3.85 Chrysoberyl 3.70 - 3.78 Garnet 3.62 - 3.87 Pyrope Garnet 3.62 - 3.87 Grossularite Garnet 3.57 - 3.73 Tsavorite Garnet 3.57 - 3.73 Spinel 3.54 - 3.63 Kyanite 3.53 - 3.70 Sphene 3.52 - 3.54 Diamond 3.50 - 3.53 Topaz 3.49 - 3.57 Tanzanite 3.35 Ruby-Zoisite 3.35 Jade 3.30 - 3.38 Peridot 3.28 - 3.48 Chrome Diopside 3.22 - 3.38 Apatite 3.16 - 3.23 Kunzite 3.15 - 3.21 Spodumene 3.15 - 3.21 Hiddenite 3.15 - 3.21 Andalusite 3.05 - 3.20 Fluorite 3.00 - 3.25 Tourmaline 2.83 - 3.32 Prehnite 2.82 - 2.94 Aquamarine 2.68 - 2.74 Emerald 2.67 - 2.78 Beryl 2.67 - 2.78 Morganite 2.66-2.87 Onyx 2.65 - 2.91 Andesine 2.65 - 2.69 Ametrine 2.65 Smoky Quartz 2.65 Rutile Quartz 2.65 Citrine 2.65 Rose Quartz 2.65 Amethyst 2.65 Quartz 2.65 Aventurine 2.64 - 2.69 Agate 2.60 - 2.64 Jasper 2.58 - 2.91 Iolite 2.58 - 2.66 Tiger's Eye 2.58 - 2.64 Chalcedony 2.58 - 2.64 Moonstone 2.56 - 2.59 Orthoclase 2.56 - 2.59 Amazonite 2.56 - 2.58 Lapis Lazuli 2.50 - 3.00 Turquoise 2.31 - 2.84 Opal 1.98 - 2.50 Moss Opal 1.98 - 2.50 Fire Opal 1.98 - 2.50

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Gem Talk - Specific Gravity

Contributed by Mirko Davidovic on March 11, 2008, at 4:28 PM UTC.

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This intel was contributed by Mirko Davidovic Mirko Davidovic

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